Heartburn, also known as acid reflux, occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest or throat.
Certain foods are known to trigger or exacerbate heartburn symptoms due to their impact on the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a muscle that helps prevent stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus.
Here are some common types of foods that can contribute to heartburn.
Spicy Foods
Foods that are heavily spiced or contain hot peppers can irritate the stomach lining and relax the LES, potentially leading to acid reflux.
Citrus Fruits
Citrus fruits like oranges, grapefruits, lemons, and limes are acidic and can increase stomach acid production, making them more likely to trigger heartburn.
Tomatoes and Tomato Products
Tomatoes are also acidic, and tomato-based products like sauces, ketchup, and salsa can contribute to heartburn symptoms.
High-Fat Foods
High-fat foods, such as fried foods, fatty meats, and full-fat dairy products, can slow down digestion and relax the LES, allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus.
Chocolate
Chocolate contains both caffeine and theobromine, which can relax the LES and contribute to the relaxation of the esophageal sphincter.
Peppermint and Spearmint
Minty foods and beverages, including peppermint and spearmint, can relax the LES and lead to acid reflux symptoms.
Onions and Garlic
Onions and garlic are known to cause heartburn for some individuals, as they can relax the LES and increase stomach acid production.
